4 Risk Factors for Gum Disease

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is one of the most common oral health conditions affecting adults. It begins with inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and can progress to more serious infection that damages the gums, bone, and supporting structures of the teeth. While gum disease is often preventable, certain risk factors can increase your chances of developing it. Understanding these risks can help you take proactive steps to protect your oral health.

1. Poor Oral Hygiene Habits

One of the most significant risk factors for gum disease is inadequate oral hygiene. Plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, constantly forms on your teeth and gums. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional.

When plaque and tartar accumulate along the gumline, they cause irritation and inflammation, leading to gingivitis. Without treatment, gingivitis can progress into periodontitis, which may cause gum recession, bone loss, and even tooth loss. Brushing twice daily, flossing once a day, and scheduling routine dental cleanings are essential habits for preventing gum disease.

2. Tobacco Use

Smoking and other forms of tobacco use are major contributors to gum disease. Tobacco weakens your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight off infections, including those affecting the gums. Additionally, smoking reduces blood flow to the gums, which slows healing and makes it more difficult to notice early warning signs such as bleeding or inflammation.

Tobacco users are also more likely to develop severe gum disease and experience poorer outcomes after periodontal treatment. Quitting tobacco use not only improves overall health but significantly reduces your risk of developing gum disease and helps your gums heal more effectively.

3. Certain Medical Conditions

Your overall health plays a vital role in your oral health. Medical conditions such as diabetes are closely linked to gum disease. People with diabetes are more susceptible to infections, including periodontal disease, and gum disease can also make it more difficult to control blood sugar levels, creating a harmful cycle.

Other conditions, such as autoimmune disorders or hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, or puberty, can also increase gum sensitivity and inflammation. If you have an underlying health condition, maintaining regular dental visits and communicating with your dentist about your medical history can help reduce your risk.

4. Genetics and Family History

Some individuals are genetically predisposed to gum disease, even if they practice good oral hygiene. If your parents or close family members have experienced periodontal disease, you may have a higher risk of developing it as well.

While genetics cannot be changed, early detection and preventive care can make a significant difference. Regular dental checkups allow your dentist to monitor your gum health closely and address any concerns before they become serious.

Gum disease is often preventable and highly treatable when caught early. By maintaining excellent oral hygiene, avoiding tobacco, managing medical conditions, and attending routine dental appointments, you can greatly reduce your risk.

About the Practice

Do you have bright red or puffy gums that are sensitive? You may need periodontal therapy, and here at Rosenfeld Dental Associates, we’re more than happy to tackle your condition. Treatments may include scaling and root planing, microscopic monitoring, or antibiotic therapy. Whatever it is, we’ve got the solution. Book your appointment online or call (908) 668-7838.